The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [p?] is represented as p. Because of this, the Yale romanization is easy for English speakers to pronounce without much training. Students studying Cantonese at the University of Hong Kong learn the Jyutping system of romanization, while those who attend The Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught to use the Yale romanization.
Video Yale romanization of Cantonese
Initials
Maps Yale romanization of Cantonese
Finals
- Only the finals m and ng can be used as standalone nasal syllables.
Tones
Modern Cantonese has six phonetic tones. Cantonese Yale can represents these tones using tone marks with the letter h. Traditional Chinese linguistics treats the tones in syllables ending with a stop consonant as separate "entering tones". Cantonese Yale follows modern linguistic conventions in treating these the same as tones 1, 3 and 6, respectively.
Examples
Sample transcription of one of the 300 Tang Poems by Meng Haoran:
See also
- Cantonese phonology
- Jyutping
- Yale romanization of Mandarin
- Yale romanization of Korean
References
Further reading
- Gwaan, Choi-wa (???) (2000). English-Cantonese Dictionary - ????: Cantonese in Yale Romanization (2nd ed.). Chinese University Press. ISBN 962-201-970-6.
- Matthews, Stephen & Yip, Virginia (1994). Cantonese. A Comprehensive Grammar. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-08945-X.
- Ng Lam, Sim-yuk & Chik, Hon-man (2000). Chinese-English Dictionary ?????: Cantonese in Yale Romanization, Mandarin in Pinyin. Chinese University Press. ISBN 962-201-922-6.
External links
- Comparison chart of Romanization for Cantonese with Yale, S. Lau, Guangdong, Toho and LSHK (uses Shift JIS encoding)
- MDBG free online Chinese-English dictionary (supports Cantonese Yale romanization)
- Online Chinese Character to Yale Romanization of Cantonese lookup Conversion tool
Source of article : Wikipedia
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